Improvement in telegraph apparatus



GEORGE UTTLE Improvement in Telegraphc Apparatus,

Patented Oct. 24,187.

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PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE LlTTLE, OF R'UTHERFORD PARK, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 120,290, dated October24, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE LITTLE, oi' Rutherford Park, in the countyoi' Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement inTelegraph Apparatus; and the following is declared to be a correctdescription thereof.

In telegraph apparatus electro-ma gnets are e1nploycd for variousoperations and fitted with armatures that are drawn back by springs; andI have heretofore employed an adjustable permanent magnet for the samepurpose. My present invention is for employingan electrical current in aretractile electro-magnet and an adjustable resistance or rheostat forregulating the power ci' the eleetromagnet, so that it may only be sut'-iicient to draw back the armature or armatures of an electromagnet ormagnets, thereby rendering a retractile spring unnecessary and causinggreater rapidity in the movement oi' the armature, as the connections tothc retractile magnet can be such as more rapidly clear the armature ofinduced magnetism.

In the annexed drawing the diagram illust a tes the present invention. ais an electro-magnet in the circuit l c, which may be part of the mainline and earth connections, or part of a local or branch circuit. b isthe armature of the electromagnet a, the same being' employed for anydesired movement in telegraph or other operations. The retractileelectromagnct f is in a local or earth circuit. l have shown the same asconnected to the earth, in which coke and zinc or other sources ofpositive and negative electricity are buried. The electromagnetism in j'may, by the earth circuit, be only sufficient to draw back the armatureb, in which case a resistance in the circuit of j' will be unnecessary.It is preferable, for avoiding too great force in the retractile magnetj', to make use of the resistance-coil or rheo stat, which is adapted todivide the electrical current, sending a portion through a shunt or abranch circuit to the magnet j', and returning the surplus to thenegative pole. The coil oi' tine wire k is connected with the inet-allieheads l and m, and between these is a rod, u, insulated at the head m;and between said rod 'a and the coil L is a sliding-spring conductor, 0,that varies the resistance according to the position of said con ductoro on the coil k, so that electricity, reaching the head m through thewire 2, is divided, a part going, by the wire 3, to the rctractileinagnet j', and, by the wire LL, to the head l and negative wire 5, andanother portion passing through the coil 7a, conductor o, and bar n tothe head l and negative wire 5, and, by adjusting the position oi' theconductor o, the proper resistance will be obtained to divert throughthe shunt or branch circuit 3 f4 only the amount required for drawingback the arn'iature b; and this adjustment can be made with greateraccuracy th an by retractile springs applied in the usual manner.

I claim as my invention- 1. An electrolnagnet operated by earth currentsand combined with an electromagnet and armature, for the purposesspecified.

2. An adjustable resistance or rheostat, combined with a retractileelectro-magnet for the armatiue of an electro-magnet, and with thebranch-circuit connections, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

Dated August 4, 1871.

GEORGE LITTLE.

Vitnesses:

GEO. D. WALKER, GEO. T. PINOKNEY.

